Here are a few more reasons, someone may not respond to a gluten free diet.
There may be pancreatic insufficiency, this is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas. This can be diagnosed by the measurement of enzymes in the stool.
There could be food intolerances. People with Celiac disease may have lactose or fructose intolerance. This could be diagnosed by a hydrogen breath test.
Lastly, refractory Celiac disease, also known as refractory sprue, affects up to 5 % of patients. For these patients, the damaged villi in the small intestine do not heal from a gluten free diet. These patients are usually treated with steroids and immunosuppressants.
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